Technical Professional Development Needs of Agricultural Education Teachers in the Southeastern United States by Career Pathway
Keywords:
Career Pathway, Inservice, Professional Development, SBAE TeachersAbstract
Determining the professional development needs of teachers framed through the national career pathways of agricultural education has become imperative for modern classrooms. Participants in this study were from six Southeastern U.S. states. Most were female educators, with the largest group having teaching experience between 11-20 years. Participants indicated their professional development needs regarding technical content in the seven agricultural education career pathways. Based on the findings, the researchers concluded that participants needed professional development in plant science, followed closely by animal systems. The least beneficial area for professional development was power, structural and technical systems, and food products and processing systems. No differences existed between male and female teachers regarding their technical professional development needs except within the power, structural, and technical pathway. Teachers with less than 10 years of teaching experience reported a greater need for professional development in animal science than their more experienced counterparts. Finally, participants in rural school systems were more likely to desire professional development on natural resources.
References
Advance CTE. (2018). Agriculture, food & natural resources. Agriculture, Food & Natural
Resources. https://careertech.org/Agriculture
Ambrose, S. A., Bridges, M. W., DiPietro, M., Lovett, M. C., Norman, M. K., & Mayer, R. E.
(2010). How learning works: Seven research-based principles for smart teaching. Jossey-
Bass.
Baruch, Y. (1999). Response rate in academic studies – A comparative analysis. Human
Relations, 52(4), 421–438. https://doi.org/10.1177/001872679905200401
Bolkan, S., & Goodboy, A. K. (2009). Transformational leadership in the classroom: Fostering
student learning, student participation, and teacher credibility. Journal of Instructional
Psychology, 36(4), 296–306. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ952280
Creswell, J. W., & Clark, V. L. P. (2017). Designing and conducting mixed methods research.
SAGE Publications.
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2017). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed
methods approaches. SAGE Publications.
Croom, B. (2009). The effectiveness of teacher education as perceived by beginning teachers in
agricultural education. Journal of Southern Agricultural Education Research, 59, 1-13.
http://jsaer.org/pdf/Vol59/2009-59-001.pdf
Darling-Hammond, L., Chung, R., & Frelow, F. (2002). Variation in teacher preparation: How
well do different pathways prepare teachers to teach? Journal of Teacher Education,
53(4), 286–302. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0022487102053004002
Darling-Hammond, L., Hyler, M. E., & Gardner, M. (2017). Effective teacher professional
development. Learning Policy Institute.
Dean, C. B., & Marzano, R. J. (2012). Classroom instruction that works: Research-based
strategies for increasing student achievement. ASCD
Dillman, D. A., Smyth, J. D., & Christian, L. M. (2014). Internet, phone, mail, and mixed-mode
surveys: The tailored design method (4th edition). Wiley.
Driel, J. V. (2021). Developing science teachers' pedagogical content knowledge. Brill.
https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004505452_001
Easterly, R. G., & Myers, B. E. (2019). Professional development engagement and career
satisfaction of agriscience teachers. Journal of Agricultural Education, 60(2), 69–84.
https://doi.org/10.5032/jae.2019.02069
Edgar, D. W. (2012). Learning theories and historical events affecting instructional design in
education: Recitation literacy towards extraction literacy practices. Sage Open, 2(4), 1–9.
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/2158244012462707
Fessler, R., & Christensen, J. C. (1992). The teacher career cycle: Understsnding and guiding
the professional development of teachers. Allyn and Bacon.
Figland, W., Roberts, R., & Blackburn, J. J. (2020). Reconceptualizing problem-solving:
Applications for the delivery of agricultural education's comprehensive, three-circle
model in the 21st Century. Journal of Southern Agricultural Education Research, 70(1),
1–20. http://jsaer.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Volume-70-Full-Issue.pdf#page=35
Finn, A. N., Schrodt, P., Witt, P. L., Elledge, N., Jernberg, K. A., & Larson, L. M. (2009). A
meta-analytical review of teacher credibility and its associations with teacher behaviors
and student outcomes. Communication Education, 58(4), 516–537.
https://doi.org/10.1080/03634520903131154
Forde, C., & McMahon, M. (2019). Teacher quality, professional learning and policy:
Recognising, rewarding and developing teacher expertise. Palgrave Macmillan.
https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-53654-9
Fraze, S. D., Hardin, K. K., Brashears, M. T., Haygood, J. L., & Smith, J. H. (2003). The effects
of delivery mode upon survey response rate and perceived attitudes of Texas agriscience
teachers. Journal of Agricultural Education, 44(2), 27–37.
https://doi.org/10.5032/jae.2003.01027
Gess-Newsome, J., Taylor, J. A., Carlson, J., Gardner, A. L., Wilson, C. D., & Stuhlsatz, M. A.
M. (2019). Teacher pedagogical content knowledge, practice, and student achievement.
International Journal of Science Education, 41(7), 944–963.
https://doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2016.1265158
Harris, J. B., & Hofer, M. J. (2011). Technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) in
Action: A descriptive study of secondary teachers’ curriculum-based, technology-related
instructional planning. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 43(3), 211–229.
https://doi.org/10.1080/15391523.2011.10782570
Hume, A., Cooper, R., & Borowski, A. (Eds.). (2019). Repositioning pedagogical content
knowledge in teachers' knowledge for teaching science. Springer Singapore.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-5898-2
Levine, S. (2008). School lunch politics: The surprising history of America's favorite welfare
program. Princeton University Press.
Lindner, J. R., Murphy, T. H., & Briers, G. E. (2001). Handling nonresponse in social science
research. Journal of Agricultural Education, 42(4), 43–53.
https://doi.org/10.5032/jae.2001.04043
Marzano, R. J. (2017). The new art and science of teaching. Solution Tree Press.
National Research Council (U.S) (Ed.). (2010). Preparing teachers: Building evidence for sound
policy. National Academies Press.
Orlich, D. C., Harder, R. J., Callahan, R. C., Trevisan, M. S., & Brown, A. H. (2012). Teaching
strategies: A guide to effective instruction. Cengage Learning.
Roberts, R., Stair, K. S., & Granberry, T. (2020a). Images from the trenches: A visual narrative
of the concerns of agricultural education majors. Journal of Agricultural Education,
61(2), 324–338. https://doi.org/10.5032/jae.2020.02324
Roberts, R., Wittie, B. M., Stair, K. S., Blackburn, J. J., & Smith, H. E. (2020b). The dimensions
of professional development needs for secondary agricultural education teachers across
career stages: A multiple case study comparison. Journal of Agricultural Education,
61(3), 128–143. https://doi.org/10.5032/jae.2020.03128
Senthamarai, S. (2018). Interactive teaching strategies. Journal of Applied and Advanced
Research, 3(1), 36–38. https://doi.org/10.21839/jaar.2018.v3iS1.166
Solomonson, J. K., & Roberts, R. (2022). Organizing and administering school-based
agricultural education systems and the FFA. In A. C. Thoron & R. K Barrick (Eds.).,
Preparing agriculture and agriscience educators for the classroom (pp. 17-34). IGI
Global.
Smalley, S., Hainline, M., & Sands, K. (2019). School-based agricultural education teachers'
perceived professional development needs associated with teaching, classroom
management, and technical agriculture. Journal of Agricultural Education, 60(2), 85–98.
https://doi.org/10.5032/jae.2019.02085
Talbert, B. A., Croom, B., LaRose, S., Vaughn, R., & Lee, J. S. (2022). Foundations of
agricultural education (4th ed.). Purdue University Press.
Walshaw, M. (2012). Teacher knowledge as fundamental to effective teaching practice. Math
Teacher Education, 15, 181–185. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10857-012-9217-0
Yopp, A., Edgar, D., & Croom, D. B. (2020). Technical in-service needs of agriculture teachers
in Georgia by career pathway. Journal of Agricultural Education, 61(2), 1–19.